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Steam at atmospheric pressure is of limited practical use since it can not be conveyed by its own pressure along a steam pipe to the points of consumption.Īt 7 bar gauge (absolute 800 kN/m 2) - the saturation temperature of water is 170 oC. (1 hour = 3600 seconds, 1 kW = 1 kJ/s) Example - Boiling Water at 170 oC and 7 bar The total specific enthalpy of the steam (or heat required to evaporate water to steam) at atmospheric pressure and 100 oC can be summarized as: Therefore, at 0 bar gauge (absolute 101.33 kN/m 2) - the specific enthalpy of evaporation is 2257 kJ/kg. Therefore, at 0 bar gauge (absolute 101.33 kN/m 2) and 100 oC - the specific enthalpy of water is 419 kJ/kg.Īnother 2257 kJ of energy is required to evaporate the 1 kg of water at 100 oC to steam at 100 oC. 419 kJ of energy is required to heat 1 kg of water from 0 oC to the saturation temperature 100 oC. Specific enthalpy - or Sensible Heat - is the quantity of heat in 1 kg of water according to the selected temperatureĮxample - Boiling Water at 100 oC and 0 barĪt atmospheric pressure - 0 bar gauge or absolute 101.33 kN/m 2- water boils at 100 oC.Absolute Pressure = Gauge Pressure + Atmospheric Pressure.Vacuum steam is the general term used for saturated steam at temperatures below 100☌.This page uses Creative Commons Licensed content from Wikipedia ( view authors).Properties of Saturated Steam - SI Units Absolute Also note that air has a nonzero, albeit small, density.
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For this reason, aircraft are made of aluminium. Note the low density of aluminium compared to most other metals.
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A device for measuring absolute density of a solid is a gas pycnometer. m −3 this occurs at a temperature of about 3.98 ☌ (277.13 K).Ī common device for measuring fluid density is a pycnometer.The maximum density of pure water at a pressure of one standard atmosphere is 999.972 kg bushel (lb/bu), in some engineering calculations slugs per cubic foot, and other less common units. or imperial gallons) (lb/gal), pounds per U.S. customary units, the units of density include pounds per cubic foot (lb/ft³), pounds per cubic yard (lb/yd³), pounds per cubic inch (lb/in³), ounces per cubic inch (oz/in³), pounds per gallon (for U.S. Since both the litre and the tonne or metric ton are also acceptable for use with the SI, a wide variety of units such as kilograms per litre (kg
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cm −3) and megagrams per cubic metre (Mg.Other units fully within the SI include grams per cubic centimetre (g Ρ = m V Other units ĭensity in terms of the SI base units is expressed in terms of kilograms per cubic metre (kg The SI unit of density is the kilogram per cubic metre ( kg A denser object (such as iron) will have less volume than an equal mass of some less dense substance (such as water). The average density of an object equals its total mass divided by its total volume. The higher an object's density, the higher its mass per volume.